Lets Start with Haryana General Knowledge. Haryana is a state located in the northern region of India, and one of the wealthiest and most economically advanced states in the country. Haryana is identified for its agricultural supremacy, with much contribution made to India’s Green Revolution, and therefore occupies a highly important place in the country’s history and economy.
1. Geographical and Historical Background
Capital: Chandigarh (shared with Punjab).
Area: 44,212 sq. km
Language: Hindi, Haryanvi.
Formation: Haryana was bifurcated from Punjab on 1 November 1966.
Boundaries:
North: Punjab and Himachal Pradesh West: Rajasthan.
South and East: Uttar Pradesh and Delhi.
Rivers: Yamuna, Ghaggar.
2. Important Facts
Agricultural hub: Haryana is known as the ‘Breadbasket of India’ because it has drastically contributed to agriculture, mostly in wheat cultivation, rice, and milk products.
Industrial state: The state is an industrial hub for manufacturing, especially automobile, as there are some well-known companies such as Maruti Suzuki, Hero MotoCorp, Escorts Ltd.
Green Revolution: Haryana was the hub for India’s Green Revolution during the 1960s, which made India self-sufficient in food grains.
Literacy Rate in Haryana: 75.55% (according to Census 2011).
Famous Personalities: Famous sports personalities, particularly wrestlers, boxers, and cricketers – Vijender Singh, Sushil Kumar, and Kapil Dev.
3. Tourism
Kurukshetra: The origin of Bhagavad Gita and a battlefield of Mahabharata.
Sultanpur Bird Sanctuary: This is a bird watcher’s paradise with many migratory birds.
Pinjore Gardens: The historical landmarks with overwhelming beauty owing to its Mughal significance.
Morni Hills: Haryana’s only hill station, a destination providing delectable green getaways for the tourists.
Surajkund: It is famous for the crafts fair every year, which features Indian crafts and textiles, among others.
4. Economy
Agriculture: The bulk of India’s food grain is produced here, and this makes agriculture the main occupation.
Industry: Present in various sectors of information technology, manufacturing, and services particularly in the automotive, textiles, and electronics sectors.
5. Education and Sports
- Educational sector well developed includes Maharshi Dayanand University (Rohtak), Kurukshetra University, and National Institute of Technology (Kurukshetra).
- The state is known for producing world class wrestlers, boxers, and kabaddi players.
6. Districts of Haryana
Haryana is covered by 22 districts with their administrative and cultural importance. Here are the names of the districts, one by one.
Ambala: Famous for its huge army base of the Indian Army and the Air Force.
Bhiwani: The place has been named as the “Mini Cuba” of India in view of its glorious tradition of boxing.
Charkhi Dadri: Constituted in 2016; a new constituent to Haryana’s administrative map.
Faridabad: An industrial hub that falls under the National Capital Region (NCR).
Fatehabad: It is home to Indus Valley Civilization historical places.
Gurugram (earlier known as Gurgaon): This is a major financial and industrial center and part of the NCR region and is called the ‘Millennium City.’
Hisar: The city is also called the ‘City of Steel’ because of the presence of its steel industries, and it has the Guru Jambheshwar University.
Jhajjar: It is famous for its association with sports, especially wrestling.
Jind: The region is one of the oldest districts and is of historical and religious significance.
Kaithal: It is an ancient religious place, considered to be the birth place of Lord Hanuman.
Karnal: Known as the ‘rice bowl of India’ as it produces large quantities of rice.
Kurukshetra: This is one of the oldest historical cities, and one of the portions of the Mahabharata and Bhagavad Gita.
Mahendragarh: Highly rich in historical background, quickly turning into an educational hub.
Mewat or Nuh: Most of its population consists of Meo Muslim and is popular for its historical culture.
Palwal: A part of NCR and is famous for producing cotton.
Panchkula: Planned city, gateway to Himachal Pradesh.
Panipat: Built upon the glorious handloom industry and because of the three battles of Panipat.
Rewari: Known for brass works and historic Rewari steam loco shed.
Sirsa: Rich agricultural produce, close to Rajasthan.
Sonipat: A part of NCR, rapidly developing with industrial and educational institutes.
Yamunanagar: Famous for plywood industry and Shivalik foothills.
7. Salient District Feature
Gurugram is the capital of the state’s finance and IT.
Hisar city is known for its steel industries.
Kurukshetra is a historical place. Kurukshetra has been considered as the land of the epic battle Mahabharata.
City famous for battles and handloom industry- Panipat city.
Rohtak is an educational and political hub of Haryana.
Haryana’s districts represent history, industry, and agriculture mixed together to make the state an important element in India’s growth. Each district brings something unique and heritage value to the state, making their distinctiveness rich in culture and the economy.
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